I te ao whānui, he pai, he kino hoki ōna āhuatanga katoa. Ko te ahunga whakamua o te hapori me te whakapai ake i ngā paerewa oranga o te tangata ka arahi tonu ki te parahanga o te taiao. Ko te wai para tētahi o aua take. Nā te tere o te whanaketanga o ngā ahumahi pēnei i te matū hinu, te kakahu, te hanga pepa, ngā patu pepeke, ngā rongoā, te whakarewa, me te hanga kai, kua tino piki ake te katoa o ngā parahanga puta noa i te ao. Heoi anō, he maha ngā wā kei roto i ngā wai parahanga he nui ngā kukū, he nui te paitini, he nui te tote, me ngā wāhanga tae teitei, e uaua ai te pirau me te rongoā, ka arahi ki te parahanga nui o te wai.
Hei whakahaere i ngā rahinga nui o te wai para ahumahi e puta ana i ia rā, kua whakamahia e te tangata ngā tikanga maha, e whakakotahi ana i ngā huarahi ā-tinana, ā-matū, ā-koiora, me te whakamahi i ngā kaha pēnei i te hiko, te oro, te mārama, me te aukume. E whakarāpopoto ana tēnei tuhinga i te whakamahinga o te "hiko" i roto i te hangarau maimoatanga wai hiko-matū hei whakatika i tēnei take.
Ko te hangarau maimoatanga wai hikohiko e pā ana ki te tukanga whakaiti i ngā poke i roto i te wai para mā roto i ngā tauhohenga hikohiko motuhake, ngā tukanga hikohiko, ngā tukanga ā-tinana rānei i roto i tētahi tauhohenga hikohiko motuhake, i raro i te awe o ngā hikohiko, i tētahi mara hiko rānei kua whakamahia. He tino māmā ngā pūnaha me ngā taputapu hikohiko, he iti noa te tapuwae e nohoia ana, he iti ake ngā utu whakahaere me te tiaki, he pai te ārai i te parahanga tuarua, he kaha te whakahaere i ngā tauhohenga, ā, he pai mō te aunoatanga ahumahi, e whiwhi ai i te tapanga hangarau "hoa taiao".
Kei roto i te hangarau maimoatanga wai hikohiko ngā momo tikanga pēnei i te electrocoagulation-electroflotation, te electrodialysis, te electroadsorption, te electro-Fenton, me te electrocatalytic advanced oxidation. He rerekē ēnei tikanga, ā, he rerekē ngā whakamahinga me ngā rohe e tika ana mō ia tikanga.
Te Whakapūngao Hiko-Te Whakapūngao Hiko
Ko te electrocoagulation, ko te electroflotation, he electroflotation, nā te mea ka puta te tukanga coagulation i te wā kotahi me te flotation. Nō reira, ka taea te kī ko te "electrocoagulation-electroflotation".
Ka whakawhirinaki tēnei tikanga ki te whakamahinga o te ngaohiko hiko o waho, e whakaputa ana i ngā kationa wairewa i te anode. He pānga whakapūmau ēnei kationa ki ngā poke korori. I te wā kotahi, ka puta he nui o te hau hauwai i te katote i raro i te awe o te ngaohiko, e āwhina ana i te rauemi kua whakapūmau kia piki ake ki te mata. Mā tēnei ara, ka tutuki i te electrocoagulation te wehenga o ngā poke me te purenga o te wai mā te coagulation anode me te cathode flotation.
Mā te whakamahi i te konganuku hei anode wairewa (ko te nuinga he konumohe, he rino rānei), ka mahi ngā katote Al3+, Fe3+ rānei i hangaia i te wā o te electrolysis hei whakapūmau hiko. Ka mahi ēnei whakapūmau mā te pēhi i te paparanga takirua colloidal, ka whakararuraru i a ia, ka hono me te hopu i ngā matūriki colloidal mā roto i:
Al -3e→ Al3+ ranei Fe -3e→ Fe3+
Al3+ + 3H2O → Al(OH)3 + 3H+ or 4Fe2+ + O2 + 2H2O → 4Fe3+ + 4OH-
I tētahi taha, ko te matū whakapūkara hiko i hangaia, arā, ko te M(OH)n, e kiia ana ko ngā matū hydroxo polymeric wairewa, ā, ka mahi hei matū whakapūkara hei whakapūkara tere me te whai hua i ngā wairewa colloidal (ngā pata hinu pai me ngā poke miihini) i roto i te wai para, me te hono atu ki a rātou hei hanga i ngā matū nui ake, hei tere ake i te tukanga wehenga. I tētahi atu taha, ka pēhia ngā colloid i raro i te awe o ngā electrolytes pērā i te konumohe, te tote rino rānei, ka hua ake te whakapūkara mā te pānga Coulombic, te mimiti rānei o ngā matū whakapūkara.
Ahakoa he torutoru meneti noa iho te roa o te mahi hikohiko (te roanga o te ora) o ngā matū whakakoi hikohiko, he nui te pānga ki te pūmanawa paparua, ā, he kaha te pānga ki te whakakoi i ngā matūriki korōra, ki ngā matūriki tautau rānei. Nō reira, he nui ake te kaha o te mimiti me te mahi i ngā tikanga matū e tāpirihia ana ngā matūriki tote konumohe, ā, he iti ake te nui e hiahiatia ana, ā, he iti ake ngā utu. Kāore te whakakoi hikohiko e pāngia e ngā āhuatanga taiao, te pāmahana wai, ngā poke koiora rānei, ā, kāore e pāngia e ngā tauhohenga taha ki ngā tote konumohe me ngā hauwai wai. Nō reira, he whānui te awhe pH mō te maimoatanga wai para.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko te tukunga o ngā mirumiru ririki ki te mata o te katote ka whakateretere i te tukinga me te wehenga o ngā korori. Ko te whakahāngaitanga hiko tika ki te mata o te anote me te whakahāngaitanga hiko ā-kore o te Cl- ki roto i te haurore hohe he kaha te whakahāngaitanga ki ngā matū waro wairewa me ngā matū kore-waro ka taea te whakaiti i roto i te wai. Ko te hauwai hou i hangaia mai i te katote me te hāora mai i te anote he kaha te whakahāngaitanga.
Nā reira, he tino uaua ngā tukanga matū e puta ana i roto i te tauhohenga hikohiko. I roto i te tauhohenga, ka puta ngātahi ngā tukanga whakapūngao hiko, te whakapūngao hiko, me te whakapūngao hiko i te wā kotahi, e whakaputa hua ana, e tango ana hoki i ngā koroid rewa me ngā poke i whakatārewatia i roto i te wai mā te whakapūngao, te whakapūngao, me te whakapūngao.
Xingtongli GKD45-2000CVC PŪTAKI HIKO DC Hikohiko
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Wā tuku: Hepetema-08-2023
