1. He aha te Whakakikorua PCB?
Ko te whakakikoruatanga hiko PCB e pā ana ki te tukanga o te whakatakoto i tētahi paparanga whakarewa ki runga i te mata o te PCB hei whakatutuki i te hononga hiko, te tuku tohu, te whakamararatanga wera, me ētahi atu mahi. E pāngia ana te whakakikoruatanga hiko DC tuku iho e ngā raruraru pēnei i te koretake o te paninga, te koretake o te hohonu o te whakakikoruatanga, me ngā pānga taha, e uaua ai te whakatutuki i ngā tono hanga o ngā PCB matatau pēnei i ngā papa Hononga Matotoru Teitei (HDI) me ngā Ara Tānga Ngāwari (FPC). Ka hurihia e ngā pūhiko whakawhiti auau-teitei te hiko matua AC ki te AC auau-teitei, kātahi ka whakatikatikaina, ka tātarihia hei whakaputa i te ia DC pumau, i te ia pāorooro rānei. Ka taea e ō rātou auau mahi te eke ki ngā tekau, ki ngā rau rānei o te kilohertz, he nui ake i te auau hiko (50/60Hz) o ngā pūhiko hiko DC tuku iho. He maha ngā painga o tēnei āhuatanga auau-teitei ki te whakakikoruatanga hiko PCB.
2. Ngā Painga o ngā Pūnaha Hiko Whakawhiti Auau-Teitei i roto i te Whakakikorua PCB
Te Whakapai Ake i te Taurite o te Paninga: Ko te "pānga kiri" o ngā iahiko auau-tiketike ka meinga te iahiko kia kukū ki te mata o te ara iahiko, ka whakapai ake i te ōritetanga o te paninga me te whakaiti i ngā pānga taha. He tino whai hua tēnei mō te whakakikorua i ngā hanganga matatini pēnei i ngā rārangi angiangi me ngā kōhao moroiti.
Te Kaha Whakarei Ake mō te Whakakikorua Hōhonu: Ka taea e ngā iahiko auau-tiketike te uru pai ake ki ngā pakitara o te kōhao, ka whakanui ake i te matotoru me te ōritetanga o te whakakikorua i roto i ngā kōhao, e tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga whakakikorua mō ngā vias ōwehenga āhua teitei.
Te Whakanuia o te Whai Huatanga Hikohiko: Mā ngā āhuatanga urupare tere o ngā pūhiko whakawhiti auau-tiketike ka taea te whakahaere i te iahiko kia tika ake, ka whakaiti i te wā whakakikorua me te whakapiki i te whai huatanga whakaputa.
Te Whakaiti i te Whakamahinga Pūngao: He nui te whai huatanga o ngā pūngao whakawhiti auau-tiketike, he iti hoki te whakamahinga pūngao, e hangai ana ki te ia o te hanga matomato.
Te Āheinga Whakakikorua Pāpāho: Ka taea e ngā pūhiko whakawhiti auau-tiketike te whakaputa ngāwari i te iahiko pāpāho, ka taea ai te whakakikorua hiko pāpāho. Ka whakapai ake te whakakikorua pāpāho i te kounga paninga, ka whakanui ake i te kiato paninga, ka whakaiti i te porosity, ā, ka whakaiti i te whakamahinga o ngā tāpiringa.
3. Ngā Tauira o ngā Whakamahinga Pūnaha Hiko Whakawhiti Auau-Teitei i roto i te Whakakikoruatanga PCB
A. Whakakikorua Parahi: Ka whakamahia te whakakikorua parahi i roto i te hanga PCB hei hanga i te paparanga arataki o te ara iahiko. Ka whakaratohia e ngā whakatikatika whakawhiti auau-tiketike te kiato iahiko tika, ka whakarite kia ōrite te whakatakotoranga o te paparanga parahi, ā, ka whakapai ake i te kounga me te mahi o te paparanga whakakikorua.
B. Te Maimoatanga Mata: Ko ngā maimoatanga mata o ngā PCB, pērā i te whakakikorua koura, hiriwa rānei, me whai mana DC pumau. Ka taea e ngā whakatikatika whakawhiti auau-tiketike te whakarato i te iahiko me te ngaohiko tika mō ngā konganuku whakakikorua rerekē, kia pai ai te maeneene me te ātete ki te waikura o te paninga.
C. Whakatakotoranga Matū: ka mahia te whakakikorua matū me te kore he au, engari he tino whakaritenga mō te pāmahana me te mātotoru o te au. Ka taea e ngā whakatikatika whakawhiti auau-tiketike te whakarato i te mana tāpiri mō tēnei tukanga, hei āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tere whakakikorua.
4.Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā Whakatakotoranga Pūnaha Hiko Whakakikorua PCB
Ko ngā whakaritenga o te pūhiko hiko DC e hiahiatia ana mō te whakakikoruatanga hiko PCB e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga, tae atu ki te momo tukanga whakakikoruatanga hiko, te rahi o te PCB, te horahanga whakakikoruatanga, ngā whakaritenga kiato iahiko, me te whai huatanga o te whakaputa. Kei raro nei ētahi tawhā matua me ngā whakaritenga pūhiko hiko noa:
A. Ngā Whakatakotoranga o Nāianei
●Kiato Au: Ko te kiato au mō te whakakikorua hiko PCB kei waenga i te 1-10 A/dm² (ampere ia tekimita tapawha), i runga i te tukanga whakakikorua hiko (hei tauira, whakakikorua parahi, whakakikorua koura, whakakikorua nikara) me ngā whakaritenga paninga.
●Te Hiahiatanga Iahiko Katoa: Ka tatauhia te hiahiatanga iahiko katoa i runga i te horahanga me te mātotoru o te PCB. Hei tauira:
⬛Mēnā he 10 dm² te horahanga o te papa whakapuru PCB, ā, ko te mātotoru o te iahiko he 2 A/dm², ko te iahiko katoa e hiahiatia ana he 20 A.
⬛Mō ngā PCB nui, mō te hanga papatipu rānei, ka hiahiatia pea he rau ngā ampere, he nui ake rānei ngā putanga iahiko.
Ngā Awhe Aunoa:
●Ngā PCB iti, ngā whakamahinga taiwhanga rānei: 10-50 A
●Te hanga PCB rahi-waenga: 50-200 A
●Ngā PCB nui, te hanga papatipu rānei: 200-1000 A, neke atu rānei
Ngā Whakatakotoranga Ngaohiko B.
Ko te whakakikoruatanga PCB me whai ngaohiko iti ake, i te nuinga o te wā i waenga i te 5-24 V.
⬛Ko ngā whakaritenga ngaohiko e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te ātete o te kaukau whakakikorua, te tawhiti i waenga i ngā irahiko, me te kawe hiko o te irahiko.
Mō ngā tukanga motuhake (hei tauira, te whakakikorua i ngā pūoro), me whakamahi pea i ngā awhe ngaohiko teitei ake (pēnei i te 30-50 V).
Ngā Awhe Ngaohiko Noa:
●Whakakikorua hiko DC paerewa: 6-12 V
●Whakatakotoranga pāorooro, ngā tukanga motuhake rānei: 12-24 V, neke atu rānei
Ngā Momo Pūtake Hiko
●Puna Hiko DC: Whakamahia mō te whakakikorua hiko DC tuku iho, e whakarato ana i te au me te ngaohiko pumau.
●Pūtake Hiko Pāpā: Whakamahia mō te whakakikorua hiko pāpā, ka taea te whakaputa i ngā iahiko pāpā auau-tiketike hei whakapai ake i te kounga whakakikorua.
●Pūtake Hiko Whakawhiti Auau-Teitei: He tino whai hua me te urupare tere, he pai mō ngā whakaritenga whakakikorua hiko tino tika.
C. Pūnaha Hiko
Ka whakatauhia te mana o te pūhiko hiko (P) e te iahiko (I) me te ngaohiko (V), me te tātai: P = I × V.
Hei tauira, ko te mana o tētahi pūtake hiko e whakaputa ana i te 100 A i te 12 V ka 1200 W (1.2 kW) te mana.
Awhe Mana Noa:
●Ngā taputapu iti: 500 W - 2 kW
●Ngā taputapu rahi-waenga: 2 kW - 10 kW
●Ngā taputapu nui: 10 kW - 50 kW, neke atu rānei
Te wā tuku: 13-Pepuere-2025
