He aha te Whakamātautau Kore-Whakangaro?
He tikanga whai hua te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro e āhei ai ngā kaitirotiro ki te kohikohi raraunga me te kore e pakaru te hua. Ka whakamahia hei tirotiro i ngā hapa me te pirau o roto i ngā taonga me te kore e wetewete, e whakangaro rānei i te hua.
He kupu ōrite te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro (NDT) me te tirotiro kore-whakangaro (NDI) e pā ana ki te whakamātautau me te kore e pakaru te mea. Arā, ka whakamahia te NDT mō te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro, ko te NDI ia ka whakamahia mō te tirotiro paahi/kore.
I ētahi wā, ka taea te whakamahi i te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro (NDT) me te tirotiro kore-whakangaro (NDI) hei whakawhitiwhiti, e pā ana ki te whakamātautau i ngā mea me te kore e pakaru. Arā, ka whakamahia te NDT mō te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro, ko te NDI ia ka whakamahia mō te tirotiro paahi/kore. I te mea kei roto hoki i tēnei wāhanga ngā tikanga NDT i raro i te tirotiro kore-whakangaro, he mea tika kia wehewehea ngā mea e rua i runga i tō tono me tō kaupapa.
Ko ngā kaupapa matua e rua o te NDT ko:
Aromatawai kounga: Te tirotiro i ngā take i roto i ngā hua me ngā wāhanga kua hangaia. Hei tauira, e whakamahia ana hei tirotiro i te whakahekenga whakarewa, ngā hapa whakarewa, me ētahi atu.
Aromatawai mō te roanga o te ora: Te whakaū i te haumaru o te mahi a te hua. Ka taea te whakamahi hei tirotiro i ngā hapa o te whakamahinga roa o ngā hanganga me ngā hanganga.
Ngā Painga o te Whakamātautau Kore-Whakangaro
Mā te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro ka tukuna ngā huarahi haumaru, whai hua hoki mō te tirotiro i ngā mea e whai ake nei.
He tino tika, he ngāwari ki te kimi i ngā hapa e kore e kitea mai i te mata.
Kāore he kino ki ngā taonga, e wātea ana mō ngā tirotiro katoa.
Te whakanui ake i te pono o te hua
Te tautuhi i te whakatikatika, te whakakapi rānei i te wā tika
Ko te take he tino tika, he tino whai hua hoki te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro, he mea ka taea te tautuhi i ngā hapa o roto o tētahi mea me te kore e pakaru. He rite tēnei tikanga ki te tirotiro hihi-X, e taea ai te whakaatu i te wāhi pakaru he uaua ki te aromatawai mai i waho.
Ka taea te whakamahi i te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro (NDT) mō te tirotiro hua i mua i te tuku, nā te mea kāore tēnei tikanga e poke, e kino rānei i te hua. Mā tēnei ka āwhina kia pai ake te tirotiro i ngā hua katoa kua tirotirohia, ka piki ake te pono o te hua. Heoi, i ētahi wā, me maha ngā mahi whakarite, ā, he nui te utu.
Ngā Tikanga o Ngā Tikanga NDT Noa
He maha ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whakamātautau kore-whakangaro, ā, he rerekē ngā taumata i runga i ngā hapa, i ngā rauemi rānei hei tirotiro.
Whakamātautau Irirangi (RT)
Ka taea te whakamahi i te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro (NDT) mō te tirotiro i mua i te tukunga o ngā taonga, nā te mea kāore tēnei tikanga e poke, e kino rānei i te hua. Mā tēnei ka āwhina kia pai ake te tirotiro i ngā hua katoa kua tirotirohia, ā, ka piki ake te pono o te hua. Heoi, i ētahi wā, ka hiahiatia pea he maha ngā mahi whakarite, he utu nui pea. Ka whakamahia e te whakamātautau irahiko (RT) ngā hihi-X me ngā hihi gamma hei tirotiro i ngā mea. Ka kitea e te RT ngā hapa mā te whakamahi i ngā rerekētanga o te matotoru o te ahua i ngā koki rerekē. Ko te tomography rorohiko (CT) tētahi o ngā tikanga whakaahua NDT ahumahi e whakarato ana i ngā whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga me te 3D o ngā mea i te wā tirotiro. Mā tēnei āhuatanga ka taea te tātari taipitopito i ngā hapa ā-roto, i te matotoru rānei. He pai mō te ine matotoru o ngā pereti maitai me te tirotiro ā-roto o ngā whare. I mua i te whakahaere i te pūnaha, me whai whakaaro ki ētahi whakaaro: me tino tupato ki te whakamahi i te irahiko. Ka whakamahia te RT mō te tātari ā-roto o ngā pākahiko lithium-ion me ngā papa hikohiko. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei kite i ngā hapa i roto i ngā paipa me ngā whakarewa kua tāutahia ki ngā tipu hiko, ngā wheketere, me ētahi atu whare.
Whakamātautau Ultrasonic (UT)
Mā te whakamātautau ultrasonic (UT) ka whakamahia ngā ngaru ultrasonic hei kimi i ngā mea. Mā te ine i te whakaata o ngā ngaru oro ki te mata o ngā rauemi, ka taea e te UT te kimi i te āhua o roto o ngā mea. He tikanga whakamātautau kore-whakangaro te UT i roto i te maha o ngā ahumahi, kāore e kino ngā rauemi. Ka whakamahia hei kimi i ngā hapa o roto o ngā hua me ngā hapa o roto o ngā rauemi ōrite pērā i ngā koiri hurihuri. He haumaru, he ngāwari hoki te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha UT, engari he iti noa iho ō rātou āhuatanga ina tae mai ki ngā rauemi āhua koretake. Ka whakamahia hei kimi i ngā hapa o roto o ngā hua, hei tirotiro hoki i ngā rauemi ōrite pērā i ngā koiri hurihuri.
Whakamātautau Auaha Eddy (Hiko-aukume) (ET)
I roto i te whakamātautau au hurihuri (EC), ka whakatakotoria he koiri me te au hurihuri ki te taha o te mata o tētahi mea. Ka whakaputahia e te au i roto i te koiri he au hurihuri e tata ana ki te mata o te mea, e whai ana i te mātāpono o te whakapūtanga hikohiko. Kātahi ka kitea ngā hapa o te mata, pērā i ngā kapiti. Ko te whakamātautau EC tētahi o ngā tikanga whakamātautau kore-whakangaro tino noa e kore e hiahiatia he tukatuka-mua, he tukatuka-muri rānei. He tino pai mō te ine matotoru, te tirotiro whare, me ētahi atu mara, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia i roto i ngā whare hanga. Heoi, ka taea anake e te whakamātautau EC te kite i ngā rauemi kawe hiko.
Te Whakamātautau Matūriki Aukume (MT)
Ka whakamahia te Whakamātautau Matūriki Aukume (MT) hei kimi i ngā hapa i raro noa i te mata o ngā rauemi i roto i tētahi otinga tirotiro kei roto he paura aukume. Ka tukuna he iahiko ki te mea hei tirotiro mā te whakarerekē i te tauira paura aukume i runga i te mata o te mea. Ina tūtaki te iahiko ki ngā hapa i reira, ka hangaia he āpure turuturu rere ki te wāhi kei reira te hapa.
E whakamahia ana hei kite i ngā kapiti papaku/kikī i tētahi mata, ā, e wātea ana mō ngā wāhanga rererangi, motuka, me te rerewē.
Whakamātautau Whakauru (PT)
Ko te whakamātautau werohanga (PT) e pā ana ki tētahi tikanga whakakī i te roto o tētahi hapa mā te whakamahi i te werohanga ki tētahi mea mā te whakamahi i te mahi capillary. I muri i te tukatuka, ka tangohia te werohanga mata. Kāore e taea te horoi atu i te werohanga kua uru ki roto i te hapa, ā, ka mau tonu. Mā te whakarato i tētahi kaiwhakawhanake, ka mimiti te hapa, ka kitea. He pai anake te PT mō te tirotiro i ngā hapa mata, he roa ake te tukatuka me te wā, ā, kāore e pai mō te tirotiro ā-roto. Ka whakamahia hei tirotiro i ngā mata turbine o te miihini turbojet me ngā wāhanga motuka.
Ētahi atu tikanga
Ko te pūnaha whakamātautau pānga hama te tikanga e whakahaerehia ana e ngā kaiwhakahaere e tirotiro ana i te āhua o roto o tētahi mea mā te patu me te whakarongo ki te tangi e puta mai ana. Ka whakamahia e tēnei tikanga te kaupapa kotahi e puta ai he tangi mārama i te kapu tī kāore i pakaru ina patua, ko te mea whati ka puta he tangi ngoikore. Ka whakamahia hoki tēnei tikanga whakamātautau mō te tirotiro i ngā pūtu wetekina, ngā toki rerewē, me ngā pakitara o waho. Ko te tirotiro tirohanga tētahi o ngā tikanga whakamātautau kore-whakangaro māmā rawa atu, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana, e tirotirohia ana e ngā kaimahi te āhua o waho o te mea. Ka whakaratohia e te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro he painga ki te whakahaere kounga mō ngā whakarewanga, ngā whakarewa, ngā hua hurihuri, ngā paipa, ngā tukanga whakarewa, me ētahi atu, ā, ka whakapai ake i te haumaru me te pono o ngā whakaurunga ahumahi. Ka whakamahia hoki hei tiaki i ngā hanganga kawe waka pēnei i ngā piriti, ngā kauhanga, ngā wira me ngā toki rerewē, ngā waka rererangi, ngā kaipuke, ngā waka, tae atu ki te tirotiro i ngā tāine, ngā paipa, me ngā tāke wai o ngā tipu hiko me ētahi atu hanganga o ia rā. Hei tāpiri, kei te piki haere te hiranga o te whakamahinga o te hangarau NDT i roto i ngā mara kore-ahumahi pēnei i ngā taonga tuku iho ahurea, ngā mahi toi, te whakarōpūtanga hua, me te whakamātautau whakaahua wera.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-08-2023
