Ko te hikohikohauwaikei roto i te wāhanga whakaputa he huinga katoa o te electrolysis waihauwaingā taputapu whakaputa, me ngā taputapu matua tae atu ki:
1. Pūtau hikohiko
2. Pūrere wehewehe wai hau
3. Pūnaha whakamaroke me te purenga
4. Kei roto i te wāhanga hiko: te whakawhiti hiko, te kāpata whakatikatika, te kāpata whakahaere PLC, te kāpata taputapu, te kāpata tohatoha, te rorohiko o runga, me ētahi atu
5. Ko te pūnaha āwhina matua ko: te tāke wairewa kawakore, te tāke wai rauemi mata, te papu wai whakakī, te rango/pae hauota, me ētahi atu. 6. Ko te pūnaha āwhina whānui o ngā taputapu ko: te mīhini wai parakore, te pou whakamatao, te whakamatao, te pēhi hau, me ētahi atu.
ngā whakamatao hauwai me te hāora, ā, ka kohia te wai mā te mahanga maturuturu i mua i te tukuna ki raro i te mana whakahaere o te pūnaha whakahaere; ka haere te electrolyte mā rotohauwaime ngā tātari kawakore hāora, ngā tātari hauwai me ngā tātari kawakore hāora i raro i te mahi a te papu tohanga, kātahi ka hoki ki te pūtau hiko mō te hiko anō.
Ka whakahaerehia te pēhanga o te pūnaha e te pūnaha whakahaere pēhanga me te pūnaha whakahaere pēhanga rerekētanga hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o ngā tukanga me te rokiroki o raro.
Ko ngā painga o te hauwai i puta mai i te hikohiko wai he tino parakore, he iti hoki ngā poke. I te nuinga o te wā, ko ngā poke o te hau hauwai i puta mai i te hikohiko wai he hāora me te wai anake, kāore he wāhanga kē atu (ka taea te karo i te paitini o ētahi whakakorikori). Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te whakaputa i te hau hauwai tino parakore, ā, ka taea e te hau parakore te tutuki i ngā paerewa o ngā hau ahumahi hiko.
Ka haere te hauwai i hangaia e te wāhanga whakaputa hauwai mā roto i tētahi tāke ārai hei whakau i te pēhanga mahi o te pūnaha, hei tango atu hoki i te wai kore utu mai i te hauwai.
I muri i te whakaurunga ki te pūrere purenga hauwai, ka purea anōtia te hauwai i puta mai i te hikohiko wai, mā te whakamahi i ngā mātāpono o te tauhohenga catalytic me te mimiti tātari ngota hei tango i te hāora, te wai, me ētahi atu poke i roto i te hauwai.
Ka taea e ngā taputapu te whakatū i tētahi pūnaha whakatikatika whakaputa hauwai aunoa kia rite ki te āhuatanga tūturu. Mā ngā panonitanga o te kawenga hau ka puta he rerekētanga o te pēhanga o te tāke rokiroki hauwai. Ka tukuna e te tuku pēhanga kua tāutahia ki te tāke rokiroki he tohu 4-20mA ki te PLC hei whakataurite ki te uara taketake i whakatakotoria, ā, i muri i te panonitanga whakamuri me te tatau PID, ka tukuna he tohu 20-4mA ki te kāpata whakatikatika hei whakatikatika i te rahi o te iahiko hiko, kia tutuki ai te kaupapa o te whakatikatika aunoa i te whakaputa hauwai kia rite ki ngā panonitanga o te kawenga hauwai.
Ko te wai anake te tauhohenga i roto i te tukanga whakaputa hauwai mā te hikohiko wai, ko te wai (H2O), me tuku tonu mai te wai mata mā te papu whakakī wai. Kei runga i te wehewehe hauwai, hāora rānei te tūranga whakakī. Hei tāpiri, me tango e te hauwai me te hāora he iti noa te wai i te putanga mai i te pūnaha. Ka taea e ngā taputapu he iti te wai e pau ana te 1L/Nm³ H2 te pau, engari ka taea e ngā taputapu nunui te whakaiti ki te 0.9L/Nm³ H2. Ka whakakī tonu te pūnaha i te wai mata, ka taea te pupuri i te pumau o te taumata wai kawakore me te kukū. Ka taea hoki e ia te whakakī i te wai kua tauhohe i te wā tika hei pupuri i te kukū o te otinga kawakore.
- Pūnaha whakatikatika whakawhiti
E rua ngā taputapu o tēnei pūnaha, he whakawhiti hiko me he kāpata whakatikatika. Ko tana mahi matua he huri i te mana AC 10/35KV e tukuna ana e te rangatira o mua ki te mana DC e hiahiatia ana e te pūtau hikohiko, me te tuku mana DC ki te pūtau hikohiko. Ko tētahi wāhanga o te mana e tukuna ana ka whakamahia hei wawahi tika i ngā ngota wai ki te hauwai me te hāora, ā, ko tētahi atu wāhanga ka whakaputa wera, ka kawea e te whakamatao kawakore mā te wai whakamatao.
He momo hinu te nuinga o ngā whakawhiti hiko. Mēnā ka whakanohoia ki roto, ki roto rānei i tētahi ipu, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā whakawhiti hiko momo-maroke. Ko ngā whakawhiti hiko e whakamahia ana mō ngā taputapu whakaputa hauwai wai hikohiko he whakawhiti motuhake me taurite kia rite ki ngā raraunga o ia pūtau hikohiko, nō reira he taputapu ritenga.
I tēnei wā, ko te momo kāpata whakatikatika e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te momo thyristor, e tautokona ana e ngā kaihanga taputapu nā te roa o te wā whakamahinga, te pumau teitei, me te utu iti. Heoi, nā te hiahia ki te urutau i ngā taputapu nui ki te pūngao whakahou o mua, he iti noa te whai huatanga o te huringa o ngā kāpata whakatikatika thyristor. I tēnei wā, kei te whai ngā kaihanga kāpata whakatikatika ki te tango i ngā kāpata whakatikatika IGBT hou. He tino noa te IGBT i roto i ētahi atu ahumahi pēnei i te mana hau, ā, e whakaponohia ana ka nui te whanaketanga o ngā kāpata whakatikatika IGBT a meake nei.
- Pūnaha kāpata tohatoha
Ko te nuinga o te wā, ko te kāpata tohatoha e whakamahia ana hei tuku hiko ki ngā wāhanga rerekē me ngā motuka i roto i te pūnaha wehenga me te purenga hauwai hāora i muri i ngā taputapu whakaputa hauwai wai hiko, tae atu ki te 400V, e kiia nei ko te taputapu 380V. Kei roto i ngā taputapu te papu tohanga kawakore i roto i te anga wehenga hauwai hāora me te papu wai hanga-ake i roto i te pūnaha āwhina; Ko te pūtake hiko mō ngā waea whakamahana i roto i te pūnaha whakamaroke me te purenga, me ngā pūnaha āwhina e hiahiatia ana mō te pūnaha katoa pērā i ngā mīhini wai parakore, ngā pouaka whakamatao, ngā pēhi hau, ngā pourewa whakamatao, me ngā pēhi hauwai o muri, ngā mīhini hauwai, me ētahi atu, kei roto hoki te pūtake hiko mō te rama, te aroturuki, me ētahi atu pūnaha o te teihana katoa.
- Contropūnaha l
Ka whakamahia e te pūnaha whakahaere te mana whakahaere aunoa a te PLC. Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia e te PLC te Siemens 1200, te 1500 rānei, ā, he mata pā kei roto he atanga taunekeneke tangata-mīhini. Ko te whakaaturanga mahi me te tawhā o ia pūnaha o te taputapu me te whakaaturanga o te arorau whakahaere ka kitea i runga i te mata pā.
5. Pūnaha tohanga wairewa kawakore
Kei roto i tēnei pūnaha ngā taputapu matua e whai ake nei:
Wehewehe hauwai hāora – Papu tohanga otinga kawakore – Takirere – Tātari otinga kawakore – Pūtau hikohiko
Ko te tukanga matua e whai ake nei: ko te otinga kawakore i konatunatua ki te hauwai me te hāora i roto i te wehenga hāora hauwai ka wehea e te wehenga hau-wai ka tukuna ki te papu tohanga otinga kawakore. Ka honoa te wehenga hauwai me te wehenga hāora ki konei, ā, ka tukuna e te papu tohanga otinga kawakore te otinga kawakore kua tukuna ki te takirere me te tātari otinga kawakore i te pito o muri. I muri i te tātari a te tātari i ngā poke nui, ka tukuna te otinga kawakore ki roto o te pūtau hiko.
6. Pūnaha hauwai
Ka puta te hau hauwai mai i te taha o te irahiko katote, ā, ka tae atu ki te wehewehe me te pūnaha tohanga otinga kawakore. I roto i te wehewehe, he māmā noa te hau hauwai, ā, ka wehea noa iho i te otinga kawakore, ka tae atu ki te wāhanga o runga o te wehewehe. Kātahi ka haere mā roto i ngā paipa hei wehewehe anō, ka whakamataohia e te wai whakamatao, ā, ka kohia e te hopu maturuturu kia eke ki te parakore o te 99% i mua i te taenga atu ki te pūnaha whakamaroke me te purenga o muri.
Te Whakawātea: Ko te tango i te hau hauwai ka whakamahia i te nuinga o te wā i ngā wā tīmatanga me ngā wā whakaweto, i ngā mahi rerekē, i te wā rānei kāore te parakore e tutuki i ngā paerewa, me te rapurongoā hoki.
7. Pūnaha hāora
He rite te ara o te hāora ki te ara o te hauwai, engari ka whakahaerehia i roto i ngā wehewehenga rerekē.
Te Whakawātea: I tēnei wā, ko te nuinga o ngā kaupapa e whakamahi ana i te tikanga o te whakawātea i te hāora.
Te Whakamahinga: Ko te uara whakamahinga o te hāora he mea nui anake i roto i ngā kaupapa motuhake, pērā i ngā tono ka taea te whakamahi i te hauwai me te hāora parakore-teitei, pērā i ngā kaihanga muka whatu. Tērā anō ētahi kaupapa nui kua rāhuitia he wāhi mō te whakamahinga o te hāora. Ko ngā horopaki tono o muri ko te whakaputa hāora wai i muri i te whakamaroke me te purenga, mō te hāora hauora rānei mā roto i ngā pūnaha marara. Heoi anō, me whakaū tonu te tika o ēnei horopaki whakamahinga.
8. Pūnaha wai whakamatao
He tauhohenga werawera te tukanga hikohiko o te wai, ā, me tuku te tukanga whakaputa hauwai ki te pūngao hiko. Heoi, ko te pūngao hiko e pau ana i roto i te tukanga hikohiko wai ka nui ake i te mimiti wera ā-ture o te tauhohenga hikohiko wai. Arā, ka hurihia tetahi wāhanga o te hiko e whakamahia ana i roto i te pūtau hikohiko hei wera, e whakamahia ana hei whakamahana i te pūnaha tohanga otinga kawakore i te tīmatanga, ka whakapiki ake i te pāmahana o te otinga kawakore ki te awhe pāmahana e hiahiatia ana o te 90 ± 5 ℃ mō ngā taputapu. Mena ka haere tonu te mahi a te pūtau hikohiko i muri i te taenga ki te pāmahana kua tohua, me kawe te wera i hangaia e te wai whakamatao hei pupuri i te pāmahana noa o te rohe tauhohenga hikohiko. Ka taea e te pāmahana teitei i roto i te rohe tauhohenga hikohiko te whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao, engari ki te tino teitei te pāmahana, ka pakaru te diaphragm o te rūma hikohiko, ka kino hoki ki te mahi roa o ngā taputapu.
Me pupuri te pāmahana mahi tino pai mō tēnei taputapu kia kaua e neke atu i te 95 ℃. Hei tāpiri, me whakamatao hoki te hauwai me te hāora i hangaia, ā, me whai paipa whakamatao hoki te taputapu whakatikatika thyristor whakamatao-wai.
Ko te tinana papu o ngā taputapu nui me whai wāhi mai hoki te wai whakamatao.
- Pūnaha whakakī hauota me te pūnaha horoi hauota
I mua i te whakatikatika me te whakahaere i te taputapu, me whakahaere he whakamātautau pūmau o te hauota ki te pūnaha. I mua i te tīmatanga noa, me horoi hoki te hau o te pūnaha ki te hauota kia mōhio ai kei tawhiti te hau i roto i te wāhi hau i ngā taha e rua o te hauwai me te hāora i te awhe mura me te pahū.
Kia whakawetohia te taputapu, ka pupuri aunoa te pūnaha whakahaere i te pēhanga, ā, ka pupuri i tētahi nui o te hauwai me te hāora i roto i te pūnaha. Mena kei te noho tonu te pēhanga i te wā e tīmata ana, kāore he take e mahi ai i tētahi mahi whakakore. Heoi, ki te tino heke te pēhanga, me mahi anō i tētahi mahi whakakore hauota.
- Pūnaha whakamaroke hauwai (whakama) (whiringa kore)
Ka whakamarokehia te hau hauwai i hangaia mai i te hiko wai mā te whakamahi i tētahi whakamaroke whakarara, ā, i te mutunga ka purea mā te tātari ngongo nikara kua whakatōkia hei whiwhi i te hau hauwai maroke. E ai ki ngā hiahia o te kaiwhakamahi mō te hauwai hua, ka tāpirihia pea e te pūnaha he taputapu purenga, e whakamahi ana i te tango hāora paitini konukōre palladium platinum hei purenga.
Ko te hauwai i hangaia e te wae whakaputa hauwai hiko wai ka tukuna ki te wae whakapai hauwai mā roto i tētahi tāke ārai.
Ka haere tuatahi te hau hauwai mā roto i tētahi pourewa tango-hāora, ā, i raro i te mahi a tētahi whakakorikori, ka tauhohe te hāora i roto i te hau hauwai ki te hau hauwai hei whakaputa wai.
Tātai tauhohenga: 2H2+O2 2H2O.
Kātahi ka haere te hau hauwai mā roto i te pūwhakapūnga hauwai (e whakamatao ana i te hau hei whakapūnga i te mamaoa wai hei wai, ka tukuna aunoa ki waho o te pūnaha mā te kaikohi) ka tomo ki te pourewa mimiti.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-03-2024
